Drawing in those who enter Washington D.C.’s National Cathedral is the complex artistry of 215 prominent stained glass windows, emblazoned by the daylight.
The Cathedral includes more than 40 colorfully articulated windows with biblical accounts and Episcopal symbols created by the late stained glass artist, Rowan Lecompte.
Located in the nave of the church resides the Rose Window, alternatively referred to as “Creation.” Implemented in 1976, it is considered to be one of the cathedral’s most sought-out windows due to its complex artistry in the portrayal of the four Greek elements of earth, air, fire and water, according to the National Cathedral website.
Lecompte’s work has also included a juxtaposition of space and religion, the “Space Window.” The cathedral window enshrines a seven-gram moon sample, delivered personally by the Apollo 11 astronauts, Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong and Michael Collins. The window was created in 1974.
The artistry of stained glass windows extends throughout the country, including Diane Cairns, owner of Virginia Stained Glass Company in Springfield, Virginia. Cairns’ 24-year-old business has created windows for religious congregations, organizations and homes.
“As far as the National Cathedral is concerned, they are beautiful and large windows, [and] have been there for a long time,” Cairns’ said about the National Cathedral’s windows. “I was disappointed when they removed the Civil War windows, as the reason why stained glass was invented [was] to teach stories of the Bible and history that people did not read or understand. Replacing history is not a good thing so we do not repeat our mistakes.”
The two Civil War windows that were taken down in fall 2017 were of Robert E. Lee and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson due to their honoring of Confederate soldiers, according to NPR.
The art of stained glass has not only made a lasting impression on artists, but the volunteers of the National Cathedral as well. Docent Bob Faltynek has been at the cathedral for the last seven years.
“The thing that you can’t miss seeing is the stained glass,” Faltynek said. “I think it’s fair to say that this is one of the best collections of contemporary and modern stained glass anyplace in this country. The overwhelming color affects without even thinking of the stories or the backgrounds.”
The Washington National Cathedral looks like a relic of the middle ages, but inside its vaulted doors, it embraces current controversial situations and political issues at their services.
On Thursday, the summer solstice, The Episcopal Church hosted a 12-hour day service, Vigil for Family Unity to draw attention to the plight of immigrant children separated from their families. The church held this event on the longest day of the year to give a glimpse into how long children are deprived of nurture, love and affection from their parents.
Remembrance candles inside the Washington National Cathedral. Photo by Sam DeFusco, Teen Observer.
Guests were encouraged to light a candle and offer a prayer to the children who are hungry, lonely and scared. The communion was held in the Children’s Chapel, given by parents who lost their 6 year old. The chairs are the perfect size for a 6 year old. The orange kneelers on top of the chairs are needlepointed with little animals parading two by two onto Noah’s Ark. The tiny, simple sanctuary highlighted how much children need guidance and help from the community.
“We will come together as an interfaith community to speak about the importance of family unity, to protest the inhumane treatment of children,” Lisa Webb, Associate Officer for Public Affairs writes on the Episcopal Church website.
According to the Trump administration officials, 2,342 babies and toddlers have been separated from 2,206 parents due to the new “zero tolerance” policy for those who cross the border illegally. The government has been separating 65 children each day since May 2018. Children who are separated are considered “unaccompanied alien children” and sent into the care of the Office of Refugee Resettlement. These children are getting stuck in “tent cities” that are only meant for temporary housing in south Texas.
“While tomorrow we will be focused on the recent separations of families at the border, we must also remember the millions of families who have been torn apart by violence and persecution in the global refugee crisis,” said Rebecca Linder Blachly, director of the Washington, D.C.based Office of Government Relations.
The June 21 vigil follows the international observance of World Refugee Day on June 20, which is intended to raise awareness of the harsh conditions, persecution and treatment refugees face worldwide.
The National Washington Cathedral through the Bishop Garden. Photo by Andrea Kelly Teen Observer.
On Tuesday, the National Cathedral’s bishop, Mariann Edgar Budde, joined dozens of female faith leaders outside of the U.S. Customs headquarters in Washington to pray for the of migrant families separated at the borders on the behalf of mothers, fathers, brothers and sisters.
“We will join together with interfaith partners to pray together for an end to this crisis, and to ask all governments to develop humane policies towards migrants.”she told the Episcopal News Service.
This is not the first time the Washington Cathedral has celebrated and adapted new traditions.
According to the Washington Post, in January 2013, the Episcopal Church decided to perform same -sex marriages.
“This national spiritual space is now a place where lesbian, gay, bisexal and transgender people can come and get married,” Rev Gary Hall said.
The church focuses on bringing the community together to worship in a safe, judgement-free zone. The church holds the Canterbury Pulpit, which evokes freedom of speech.
High Altar in the National Washington Cathedral. Photo by Andrea Kelly, Teen observer.
“When it was created it was meant to say, ‘King you do not have absolute power; we have power. From there we evolved our declaration of independence that says, we the people have power and you will govern us only by our consent.” Tony Domenico a Cathedral volunteer said.
The church is continuing to encourage Episcopalians and all people who believe in God to pray for the end to harsh immigration policies and to allow dignity for every person.
It’s rare to witness the moment that art strikes something within a person. But at the National Cathedral, it’s surreal to encounter. The look of awe and amazement reading blatantly across visitors’ faces as they glance around a place of wonder. The change in heartbeat, and subtle slowing in pace as they glance from art piece to art piece, captivated by the style that each artist holds. But most importantly, the broad range of emotions that erupt in every person who enters a church of such power.
The National Cathedral is something that holds all these qualities, and makes a conscious effort to make itself a home for art and the higher consciousness it endeavors. Being a center for prayer and pilgrimage, it integrates art and religion to form multiple representations of artistic expression. The Cathedral’s gothic architecture is meant to inspire awe within visitors. Its high ceilings with delicate carvings hold significance of architecture’s transformation over the years. The brightly colored stained glass windows on every outside opening provide a burst of imagination and comfort that ensues in every visitor.
The carvings around the doors to the main entrance into the Cathedral
From the magnificent interior inside, to the freeing greenery outside, there are several places that people find their hidden emotions become uncovered when coming in the Episcopal Church. The place of worship can be considered as a place where sentiments are exchanged between the art and the perceptions of everyday people.
“There’s something everywhere that people can find all forms of artistic expression,” Bob Faltynek, Cathedral volunteer, states when discussing the various types of emotions that are brought up from visitors.
“These kids walk in here, and you can just see them looking around, and you can see their mouths drop open . The wow factor. It invokes a very very strong response, whether it’s a religious response or just beauty.”
The ceiling in the hall of the Cathedral
The Cathedral is proven to be a place that is not only used for spiritual reasons, it also provides an environment where both visitors and volunteers can be truly amazed and astonished at the diversity of art within the building.
“We’re here, [as volunteers], in the first place, just because this is such an overwhelmingly beautiful and thought- provoking place,” Faltynek continues. “I’ve worked here for seven years, and not a day goes by that I don’t learn something new here.”
This center of praise has uncovered itself to be a place full of undiscovered cherishes. The emotions that arise are a direct effect from the art itself, and thoroughly discloses a world of expressing passion from artwork.
“The cathedral seems so enormous,” visitor and tourist Scott Fryer vocalized. Fryer was in town visiting when him and his wife and two children stopped by to pay a visit. While there, Fryer explained his personal experience from interacting with the artwork. “You step back and look at all the energy and work it took into designing this, and it’s inspiring.”
The artwork doesn’t only instill emotion in visitors and volunteers, but in the actual artists as well.
Imran Qureshi painting the blue installation on the steps of the Cathedral
Imran Qureshi is an artist who painted a blue instillation on the steps outside of the Cathedral. He portrays this installation as a way “to show the idea of life.” Qureshi said, “I tried to create the illusion that the water is coming out of the Cathedral…. The painting is a dialogue with the mural about creation. I also want to show how life is growing out of water, and have people think about how you are cleansing your soul in a religious place, spiritually.”
Art has the power to influence a wide variety of people and industries, and cause an influx of emotions, whether it’s amazement as a tourist, appreciation as a volunteer or inspiration as an artistic creator.
There were many pieces of artwork at the Washington National Cathedral as part of the “By The People” entertainment festival that opened on Thursday, but sculptures by artist Stephen Hayes were among the displays that were most impactful.
The array consisted of eight busts of various African-American men, each of whom had the voice of an African-American teenager. According to Hayes, the busts along with the voices represent his belief that life for the teenagers has not changed significantly from when the adults were teenagers. Hayes said both the voices and the heads are of real people who live in Washington, D.C..
“I talked to both young and old black men in D.C. about what they are going through in their life and how they are judged,” Hayes said.
Born in North Carolina, Hayes received his Bachelor’s Degree of Fine Arts in Visual Communication from North Carolina Central University in 2006 and his Masters Degree of Fine Arts at Savannah College of Art and Design in 2010. Hayes received national attention early in his career for a piece of artwork called ‘Cash Crop’ that explored the slave trade in an extremely powerful and graphic way. The display consisted of 15 statues of people of various ages, each statue representing one million slaves. The statues were modeled on friends and family of Hayes.
There are plenty of opportunities for artwork that revolve around black culture, Hayes said, but he wanted to focus on something current for the festival project.
“I wanted to talk about the legacy of what it means to be black,” Hayes said. “The struggle they are going through is the same struggle I went through when I was a kid.”
While his work may be impressive and powerful, Hayes said the main goal of the project is to both give pride to black men and let others know of how things like crime and poverty affect their lives.
“The aim of this project is to create a platform for African-American males,” Hayes said. “I want to create awareness about what black people go through daily in American society.”
The message of Hayes’s project also seemed to resonate with attendees. Libby Lye, a spectator at the event, said the point of the art had an impact on her.
“I think the busts being done in similar casts and style really shows the unification through the society and they all kind of have this shared experience,” Lye said.
Despite putting heavy emphasis on what his goal with the project was, Hayes said there is not one main thing he wants people to take away from his work, which took over three months to complete.
“It’s all up to the people to decide to themselves what they want to take away from my work,” Hayes said.
WASHINGTON D.C.- Towering ceilings, endless rows of seating, hallways filled to the brim with history, intricately carved sculptures of religious figures, serene chapels, kaleidoscopic stained-glass windows. The Washington National Cathedral is a pillar of Washington D.C’s landscape.
Washington National Cathedral. Photo by McKenna Solberg, Teen Observer.
According to the cathedral’s website, cathedral.org, the Washington National Cathedral was constructed under a charter by Congress to fulfill a request by George Washington and Major L’Enfant to build a “great church for national purposes.” Located just 15 minutes from Downtown Washington D.C., the regal landscape of the cathedral serves as a hub for prayer services, memorials and other events for political officials and important figures.
Once or twice a year, each branch of the armed forces comes to the cathedral to practice the protocol in the event of a state funeral.
“When there are changes in command with the military district in Washington D.C., we do the drills, because (for) many of the past presidents, their services were here,” says cathedral volunteer verger Steve Staphos.
The cathedral became an important location for state funerals and inauguration prayer services in the 20th century and into today. Presidential memorials for Presidents Dwight Eisenhower, Ronald Reagan, Gerald Ford and more were held at the Washington National Cathedral. President Woodrow Wilson is buried inside the cathedral. In its early days, the cathedral held most memorials in the Bethlehem Chapel. After the cathedral was finished, most memorials and services have taken place in the nave of the Cathedral, such as the memorials of Presidents Ford and Reagan.
Construction of the cathedral began in 1907 and completed in 1990, making it the longest-running construction project in Washington D.C. The land for the cathedral was purchased in the 1890’s by an Episcopalian group in Washington D.C. The location the Episcopalian bishop chose for the cathedral in 1896 was a steep hill, which after the construction completed helped the cathedral become the highest point in Washington D.C. at 676 ft above sea level. The large size of the cathedral helped it to become the 6th largest cathedral in the world. The expansive gothic cathedral cost about $65 million to build and is made completely from Indiana limestone.
Because the cathedral was made entirely from soft limestone, the building was not suited for a 5.8 magnitude earthquake that hit Washington D.C. on August 24, 2011. The top half of the cathedral could not be supported by the bottom half, so the gargoyles and higher towers experienced most of the damage. Construction crews are still working on making the necessary repairs today, seven years later.
Values of Christianity and the Episcopalian denomination are incorporated throughout the architecture of the cathedral. The two perpendicular aisles in the main chapel form a cross that spans down the length of the cathedral. A gothic architectural style was used in the cathedral to incorporate an intricate design, biblical figures and different aspects of God. The ceilings in the nave were built purposefully high in order to “show God’s glory with the height,” according to Cathedral volunteer Tony Domenico. Many of the stained-glass windows depict biblical scenes or figures, and circular stained-glass windows have Christ at the center.
Stained-glass windows in the nave of the Washington National Cathedral. Photo by McKenna Solberg, Teen Observer.
According to Staphos, the Episcopalian denomination advocates for acceptance of everybody and for people to have the ability to worship any way they want to. The Washington National Cathedral holds three services a day, which gives the general public the opportunity to experience the history, architecture, and the message of the service in the cathedral.
WASHINGTON D.C. – Within the shadows of the gargoyle–studded steeples of the Washington National Cathedral are an artist at work, a military state funeral training session and people roaming the halls of a church with cell phones glowing.
Washington National Cathedral. Photo by Sam DeFusco, Teen Observer.
The Washington National Cathedral has strived to present itself as a community that is accepting and open to all individuals aspiring to discover their own path. In 2013, the Cathedral announced it would perform same-sex weddings, two years before gay marriage was legalized nationally by the Supreme Court during the Obergefell v. Hodges case. In January, the Cathedral announced it would become a sanctuary for immigrants, welcome transgender people, and not use a gender pronoun for God.
Steve Saphos, a volunteer verger within the National Cathedral, said, “The sole purpose of the Cathedral is to stand out as an introduction between the people and God.”
Saphos said that the church has grown from an exclusive institution that rejected people who went against their beliefs into a more inclusive community. “We started this tradition that we were going to welcome everybody, ” he said.
Saphos believes that the church thrives on the sense of community as people of all race, ethnicity, religious belief and self identity are being welcomed to appreciate the art as well as use the church to find their own religiouspath.
The idea of acceptance and openness to the LGBTQ community within churches has become a developing and progressing topic. There are many churches that may be attempting to become a progressive community, but there are still aspects of their religious beliefs holding them back. The Glide Memorial United Methodist Church is unique in its own way as they elected not only the first woman to serve as senior pastor, but also the first openly-lesbian bishop was elected; however, they still found that their beliefs kept her from obtaining her title.
As of March 2018 the “One Church Plan” was devised to let individual churches and clergy determine whether or not they would allow same-sex marriages to be held in their church. This ultimately puts the church in the driver’s seat in determining the course of progression the church decides to take.
People like Bishop Karen Oliveto of San Francisco, California, a lesbian who was elected senior pastor at the Glide Memorial United Methodist church in San Francisco in 2016, are attempting to break away from the church’s original past.
Oliveto did not easily obtain her title as the bishop of the Glide Memorial United Methodist church. In an interview with National Public Radio’s Lulu Garcia-Navarro, Oliveto revealed that her consecration was being reviewed by the Judicial Council based on limits on the role of LGBTQ people within the church.
Oliveto said, “So they found my nomination in order. They found my election in order, my assignment in order. Where they raised question was around my consecration.” Consecration is the action of ordaining someone to a sacred office, typically that of a bishop.
Bishop Karen Oliveto of Glide Memorial United Methodist Church. Photo by David Zalubowski.
According to NBC news, her election was being reviewed due to the church law that bans the consecration of “a self-avowed practicing homosexual bishop.” The church’s high court ruled the consecration unlawful, but the Judicial Council has allowed Oliveto to retain her post.
As of 2015, the Pew Research Center reported that many well-known religious affiliations and churches such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, which is a Mormon community, and the Orthodox Jewish Movement were listed as prohibitors of same-sex marriage. The United Methodist Church was also present on this list during 2015.
According to the Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI), “The rise in support for same-sex marriage particularly over the last few years, has led to a milestone: Today a majority of all racial and ethnic groups favor allowing gay and lesbian couple to marry legally.” This growth of support is revealed in the decline of religious resistance as religious affiliations such as Evangelical’s opposition has dropped from 71% to 58% since 2013 according to the PRRI. Opposition among Mormons around the idea of same-sex marriage has also dropped from 68% to 53% as of 2014.
As churches begin to move towards a stronger sense of progressiveness, the Washington National Cathedral is already a step ahead in taking pride in their supportive community.
When asked what Saphos of the National Cathedral would say to other churches or religious beliefs that are not as open to the LGBTQ community and are trying to reach that goal he said, “Well I guess the thing that we always want to stress is each individual is on their own path to God.”
“Science and Technology” stained glass window containing a moon rock at the National Cathedral. Photo by Cory Hancock.
Walking up to the towering immensity that is the National Cathedral is an overwhelming and spiritual experience, regardless of religious background. The Cathedral itself is a picturesque castle derived straight from a vampire movie, locked in the timelessness of the gothic architectural era. However, while 418,000 people visit the Cathedral yearly, according to www.cathedral.org, it is surprising to find that many of them don’t know about the modern marvels and secular themes incorporated throughout the design and decoration of the church itself.
When first walking into the National Cathedral, there is a plethora of visual stimuli that is nearly impossible to unpack all at once. From the pointed arches that extend towards the heavens, to the beautifully embroidered tapestries and carefully crafted altar pieces, it’s not uncommon to wander the Cathedral completely mesmerized, sometimes overlooking one of the church’s most fascinating modern marvels that honors more than just religion.
One of the most compelling pieces of secular decor in the Cathedral is the Space Window. In 1974, the Nixon presidential administration authorized the gift of a lunar rock from astronauts Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong and Michael Collins. This extraordinary piece was given to the Cathedral to commemorate the five year anniversary of man’s first steps on the moon. The window depicts outer space, including the Earth and the flight path of Apollo 11; a nod towards the technology and science of the 20th century. However, many people have been left confused as to how a piece of the moon encased in an airtight nitrogen chamber honors the holiness of the Cathedral.
When asked why an item with such a secular connotation was made a part of the Natural Cathedral, volunteer museum docent, Tony Domenico, stated,
“We are a national cathedral and…we accept secular influences throughout the Cathedral because we’re accepting all kinds of different people.
Another visitor, Victoria Lewis, is an avid member of the Christian faith with an all-encompassing passion for science. She believes that science and religion are best viewed side by side, working together to enforce one another. She says,
“I think science is just the explanation of how God created everything, how everything works, and we’ve only just developed [the] tools to see that now.”
Since the National Cathedral receives no funding from the federal government or the Episcopal church, they are free to incorporate aspects of any religion they please. Visitors of the Cathedral that are followers of the Christian faith believe the moon rock is a unique piece of the galaxy created by their God and are free to honor it as such.
In addition to a deeper, more metaphysical answer, the lunar rock exhibition provides entertainment for those visiting the Cathedral that aren’t necessarily religious, as it is nearly impossible to be bored by a piece of outer space. Visitors who come to the Cathedral to experience the history as opposed to religion are able to find several secular points of interest that merely provide entertainment.
One of the major tourist focal points of the Cathedral is the Darth Vader grotesque on top of the building. The grotesque was added to the building in the 1980s as the result of a design competition held by the Cathedral during a period of renovation and reconstruction. As the Star Wars franchise continues to remain popular in the 21st century, the hilarity of the secular decoration draws many people to the church annually.
Another non-religious focus point of the Cathedral is the Canterbury pulpit. Carved in England as a gift to America, the pulpit showcases carvings of the men credited with translating the Bible. Notice the pulpit does not credit Christianity directly, rather, the men responsible for making the teachings of the Christian faith available to everyone. Another side of the pulpit contains a carving of the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215, a completely secular image with immense historical meaning.
While these pieces are fascinating and beautifully blend into the design of the Cathedral, they certainly aren’t the most religious decorations the church has on display. This provides a sort of reprieve, and sometimes comedic relief, to people that come to the Cathedral looking to experience culture, both inside and outside of religious confines. The Cathedral does a brilliant job of tying in the major, sacred aspects of Christianity as well as giving viewers a healthy dose of modernity.
Washington, D.C. residents reacted this week to the news that Republican Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders was asked to leave a Virginia restaurant.
Maria Sevilla, 47, works at NBC Universal and found Sanders being kicked out of the restaurant a horrible business call.
“They [employees and owners] know it is a customer service environment,” said Sevilla, who thinks everyone should be provided a service and that personal matters like politics should be kept out of the restaurant.
Sevilla was not the only person passionate about this topic.
Damon Warren, 53, felt like the owner had every right to kick out Sanders, and he said he would have done the same thing.
“Not cool,” Warren said about her conservative politics and went so far as to call her “prejudiced.”
“I would have said we were full,” Warren continued.
President Donald Trump posted a statement on Twitter attacking the restaurant’s exterior and interior state. Trump stated the restaurant should work more on its “paint job” rather than not giving service to people like Sanders.
Firefighters stand outside Abbey Joel Butler Pavilion to ensure no cars go through the area. They swept the various buildings to check gas concentration and clear each building for reentry. Photo by Sam DeFusco, Teen Observer.
WASHINGTON — A gas leak at American University Wednesday morning sparked the evacuation of central campus, closed roads and disrupted university businesses for almost two hours. No one was harmed.
Construction workers believe they hit an unmarked gas line as they were working on an underground utilities project, according to David Osborne, AU’s Director of Energy and Engineering.
“The contractor was digging to put in the underground hot water lines as part of this big project,” Osborne said. “My understanding is they called out missed utilities before the day they were supposed to, and they ended up hitting a line that was either wasn’t marked or wasn’t where it should be, which caused it to break.”
The construction workers immediately notified campus police, Washington Gas and the fire department, and worked to seal the leak at the excavation site behind the McKinley Building, Osborne said. Police sent out an evacuation alert at 8:32 a.m. and sounded a campus-wide alarm at 8:50 a.m.
In the cafeteria, the calm eating and clanking of dishes paused as an alarm suddenly sounded and drowned out the noise of the dining hall. Students began to stand up in confusion and quickly make their way upstairs to evacuate the dining hall, some leaving their belongings behind. Workers in the campus Starbucks grabbed bagels and coffee to go.
“I was in the terrace of McKinley when the fire alarm went off at around 8:50,” said McKenna Solberg, a student attending a summer communications program at AU. “Another Comm kid and I left the building and there was caution tape all around outside and a really potent smell of gas.”
The rotten-egg smell of gas wafted over groups of evacuated students gathered on the quad in front of the Mary Graydon student center, as they waited to be relocated. Some wondered aloud why they were congregating so close to a building that could potentially explode. Several fire trucks arrived on the scene.
Campus police closed McKinley Hall, Butler Pavilion, Bender Arena, Sports Center Garage and shops in the pavilion tunnel. The police conducted a sweep to make sure that everyone was out of the buildings, then closed off the area with yellow caution tape.
Caution tape blocks the road underneath Abbey Joel Butler Pavilion after people were evacuated because of a gas leak that started from a construction site. People were barred from the area until the gas leak was contained. Photo by Sam DeFusco, Teen Observer.
Summer program teachers and counselors led the students to unaffected buildings to continue their classes.
“I have 150 students here on campus and 16 classes and so we needed to move a number of classes and spaces, but fortunately, we had already gone over the proper protocol, which is that we meet out on the Quad,” said Sarah Menke-Fish, the director of AU’s Discover the World of Communications program. “They broke out into classes and sections. I found immediate spaces that they could go to.”
AU police sounded the all clear at about 10:15 a.m., reopening all buildings and roadways. Ian Greenlee, Lieutenant of Police Operations for AU, said no one was harmed and there will be no long-term effects from the gas leak. According to Greenlee, all of the necessary and proper protocols were followed to contain the leak and evaluate the air quality of each of the affected buildings. Gas should be restored by end of the day, though the use of hot water may be further affected, along with possible cooking operations.
[This report was compiled by Prof. Farley’s Professional Newswriting class.]
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